1.define factor of safety
3.define Service Factor:- it is in engine to generate power.
4.design of cotter joint:-
What is Machine Design?
Machine design is an area of study in which one learns to design machine parts by utilizing its whole knowledge and experience in field of mechanical engineering
2. What are the Traditional Design Methods
A traditional Design Thinking method collects information and data at the beginning of the process, to inform the process, and then the team gets to work — not touching data again.
4. What are the consideration in design design, selection, and evaluation criteria should take into
consideration performance and safety factors, maintenance, costs, aesthetics, and environmental concerns. Performance and safety factors are an important consideration in the design and development of home furnishing products
5.What is standard and code
A code is a model, a set of rules that knowledgeable people recommend for others to follow. It is not a law, but can be adopted into law.A standard tends be a more detailed elaboration, the nuts and bolts of meeting a code.
6. What is standardization and it's advantages?
Standardization generally focuses on consistency, achieved by applying a clear set of guidelines and best practices
ADVANTAGES:
Rationalize different varieties of products.
Decrease the volume of products in the store and also the
manufacturer cost.
Improve the management and design.
Speed up the management of orders
8. What is Service Factor
SF - is a measure of periodically overload capacity at which a motor can operate without damage
9. . Define Lever
a rigid bar resting on a pivot, used to move a heavy or firmly fixed load with one end when pressure is applied to the other.
10. Types of Levers
There are three types of lever.
First class lever – the fulcrum is in the middle of the effort and the load.
Second class lever – the load is in the middle between the fulcrum and
the effort.
Third class lever – the effort is in the middle between the fulcrum and the
load.
11. . Application of Levers
The lever is used for prying, as in the case of the crowbar, or for lifting.
The human forearm is an application of the third-class lever, the elbow
acting as the fulcrum, the weight held in the hand and being lifted as the
resistance, and the pull of the muscles between the elbow and the hand
as the effort
12. Shaft
- Is a rotating cylindrical body eg. Motor output , gear input ,automobile propeller shaft .
Axle
Is a non rotating , supporting element with appropriate length, could be cylindrical or other profile .eg Car rear Axle .
Spindle-
It is rotating jaw which can clamp any desired body and make it roatate
along with it. eg . Milling machine spindle can handle tool
13.TYPES OF SHAFTS
Shafts are mainly classified into two types:Transmission shafts are used to
transmit power between the source and the machine absorbing power. e.g.,
countershafts, line shafts, and all factory shafts.
Machine shafts are an integral part of the machine itself. e.g.,
crankshaft
Axle shafts are used in vehicles.
A spindle shaft is a rotating shaft with a fixture for holding a tool or
a workpiece.
POWER SCREWS-Power screw is a mechanical device used to convert
rotary motion into linear motion and to transmit power.
collar friction-A thrust bearing having a suitably formed face or faces that
resist the axial pressure of one or more collars on a rotating shaft
ACME threads-an American screw thread having a section that is a mean
between the V threads and square threads
Differential screw-A differential screw is a mechanism used for making
small, precise adjustments to the spacing between two objects
Compound screw-a screw having on the same axis two or more screws
with different pitch (a differential screw), or running in different
directions
Screw Jack-A jackscrew, or screw jack, is a type of jack that is operated by
turning a leadscrew. It is commonly used to lift moderately and heavy
weights, such as vehicles; to raise and lower the horizontal stabilizers ofaircraft; and as adjustable supports for heavy loads, such as the
foundations of houses
Application of screw jack-
Screw jack is used in applications where linear motion is required.
Lifting of any load, pushing or pulling of mechanical equipment, adjusting
of tight clearances of mechanical parts can be done by screw jacks.
In heavy-duty applications, such as screw jacks, a square
thread or buttress thread is used.
stress concentration-
A stress concentration, also known as a stress riser/raiser, is a point in a part where the stress is significantly greater than its surrounding area. Stress concentrations occur as a result of irregularities in the geometry or within the material of a component structure that cause an interruption of the stress flow.
Notch Sensitivity
-The notch sensitivity of a material is a measure of how
sensitive a material is to notches or geometric discontinuities. Notch
sensitivity is influenced by many parameters such as notch geometry.
fatigue stress concentration factor-
The fatigue stress concentration
factor (Kf) can be defined from the ratio of fatigue strength of the
smooth member to that of the notched member; it is also often referred
to as the fatigue notch factor
theoretical stress concentration factor-
A stress concentration factor (Kt)
is a dimensionless factor that is used to quantify how concentrated the
stress is in a mechanical part. It is defined as the ratio of the highest
stress in the part compared to a reference stress.
Welding
-Welding is a fabrication process that joins materials, usually
metals or thermoplastics, by using high heat to melt the parts together
and allowing them to cool, causing fusion. Welding is distinct from lower
temperature metal-joining techniques such as brazing and soldering,
which do not melt the base metal.
Threaded Joints
-Threaded joints are defined as separable joints which are
used to hold to machine parts together by means of threaded fastening
such as bolt and nut
Spring-
Spring is an elastic machine element, which deflects under the.
action of the load and returns to its original shape when the load is
removed
Types of springs-The most common spring types include:
Compression Springs.
Extension Springs.
Torsion Springs.
Constant Force Springs.
Belleville Springs.
Drawbar Springs.
Volute Springs.
Garter Springs.
pitch of coils-
Coil pitch or coil span is defined as the angular distance
between the two coil sides of one coil. It is expressed in terms of
electrical space degree. Coil pitch is 180 electrical space degree for full
pitch coil and less than 180 degree for short pitch coil.
leaf spring-
A leaf spring is a simple form of spring commonly used for
the suspension in wheeled vehicles. Originally called
a laminated or carriage spring, and sometimes referred to as a semi-
elliptical spring, elliptical spring, or cart spring
Application of leaf spring-
The application of the leaf spring is to absorb shocks and vibrations in mostly heavy commercial vehicles like trucks, vans, buses, railway carriages, etc.
HELICAL TORSION SPRING-
A helical torsion spring, is a metal rod or wire in the shape of a helix (coil) that is subjected to twisting about the axis of the coil by sideways forces (bending moments) applied to its ends, twisting the coil tighter.
Types of ends in helical tension spring-
There are basically four (4) types of ends on helical compression springs: closed & ground, closed & not ground ends, open & ground ends and open & not ground ends.
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